The word "upheaval" refers to a significant disruption, disturbance, or change that often causes confusion or chaos. It can relate to social, political, or environmental changes that dramatically alter the status quo. For example, a revolution can cause a social upheaval, while an earthquake can create geological upheaval.
The word "upheaval" comes from the combination of "up," indicating movement to a higher position, and "heave," which means to lift or throw with effort. It originated in the late 16th century.