Patriarchy refers to a social system or structure in which men hold primary power, predominantly in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property. In a patriarchal society, familial authority is often vested in the male head of the household, and many societal norms favor men over women. This concept can also extend to cultural practices and beliefs that reinforce this gender hierarchy.
The term "patriarchy" comes from the Greek words "patriarches," which means "chief or leader of a family," from "patria" meaning "father, lineage" and "arkhē" meaning "rule or governance." It was first used in the 17th century to describe a system in which fathers hold authority over families and society.