The word "long" refers to a measurement of distance or duration that is greater than what is typical or expected. It can describe physical length, time duration, or even abstract concepts such as a prolonged effort or desire. It often conveys a sense of extension or an excess in some form.
The word "long" comes from the Old English term "lang," which is derived from Proto-Germanic langaz and is related to similar words in other Germanic languages. Its origins trace back to the Proto-Indo-European root dʰengʲʰ-, which means "to stretch."